New data shows that the widely used sweetener sucralose can impair the response to PD-1-based immunotherapies in tumor patients, due to triggered changes in the gut microbiome.
A systematic review examines the question of whether targeted respiratory muscle training can influence the anti-reflux barrier and alleviate reflux symptoms.
In this exploratory study, dietary inflammatory potential was associated with attention and processing speed at the cognitive domain level in children. These findings suggest that diet-related inflammation may be linked to specific aspects of cognitive performance in children; however, future studies with larger samples using comprehensive cognitive assessments are warranted.
In MASLD patients, higher MD adherence was associated with lower risk of significant liver fibrosis. Our findings support the recommendation of the MD as a crucial lifestyle intervention to lower the risk of liver fibrosis in this population.
Morphine causes lasting gut dysbiosis and liver inflammation, indicating disruption of the gut-liver axis in opioid dependence. These results emphasize morphine’s impact on gut microbiota and liver health, suggesting significant long-term effects of opioid use.
In this comparative effectiveness research study of 12 245 patients with CD, treated with tumor necrosis factor-α antagonists, vedolizumab, ustekinumab, risankizumab, or upadacitinib and followed up over a mean 27 months, no clinically meaningful differences in the risk of key safety events, including serious infections, venous thromboembolism, and major adverse cardiovascular events, were found.
Endoscopic spray application of hMPs demonstrated strong adhesion to gastric ulcers and was associated with the absence of delayed bleeding in this short-term experimental model. These findings suggest that hMPs may represent a promising strategy for reducing the risk of delayed bleeding after gastrointestinal endoscopic surgery.
Taken together, the culturing of patient biopsies into ALI colonoid monolayers provides a powerful model to assess human colonic mucosal development, healing, homeostasis, and mucus barrier function, revealing that UC-derived colonoid monolayers display a range of developmental and functional defects that persist in the absence of inflammation.
The study included 17 232 cases of gastric (non-cardia) adenocarcinoma and 172 297 controls. Long term proton pump inhibitor use occurred in 1766 (10.2%) cases and 16 312 (9.5%) controls. No association was found between long term proton pump inhibitor use and gastric adenocarcinoma (adjusted odds 1.01, 95% confidence interval 0.96 to 1.07).
In a European case series involving 12 children with acute hepatitis of unknown cause, pronounced CD8 T-cell infiltrates were found in the liver, along with SARS-CoV-2 proteins.
Routine mental health screening and COMPASS-IBD were successfully implemented in an outpatient IBD service, but support from trainee psychologists and the research team was required. This new integrated pathway can identify and treat psychological distress in IBD with minimal service resource.
Our results indicate that BRAF-mutated serrated polyps are molecularly more similar to normal colon tissue than APC- and/or CTNNB1-mutated tumors. Overall, molecular tumor profiling of individuals with polyposis contributes to understanding the genetic disease etiology.
A subtle increase in eosinophils has also been observed in other GI diseases including functional dyspepsia in the duodenum. Targeted drug therapy can markedly reduce eosinophil infiltration, although symptom response is more variable, suggesting that non–eosinophil pathways play a role in pathogenesis.
UEMR achieved a resection depth comparable to that of CEMR. Given its consistent negative horizontal margins, UEMR may become the gold standard for resecting intermediate-sized colorectal tumors.
In this randomized clinical trial in 124 patients assessing ethosuximide to improve IBS-related abdominal pain, intention-to-treat analysis showed no significant difference in responder rates between ethosuximide and placebo. Ethosuximide had limited tolerability, with higher discontinuation rates, and induced more adverse events compared with placebo.
A better understanding of the morphological assessment of ECL hyperplasia using H&E -stained sections is necessary to improve the understanding and diagnosis of ECL hyperplasia, to avoid missed diagnoses, and to facilitate subsequent clinical monitoring and treatment.
By inducing growth of the intestinal epithelium, the drug teduglutide, used for the treatment of short bowel syndrome-associated intestinal failure, could feasibly promote growth of pre-existing colonic neoplasms and incite the development of new ones.
What may seem questionable at first glance has a perfectly plausible explanation: the gut-brain axis as an important mediator between the enteric and central nervous systems.
We analyzed consecutive colorectal ESD procedures performed at our center between 2017 and 2024. SITE-PCM was used in all cases. Lesion characteristics, procedural outcomes, histopathological findings, adverse events, and follow-up data were analyzed.
Although pharmacovigilance signals and a strong pathophysiological rationale have suggested a potential risk of arterial dissections or aneurysms associated with angiogenesis inhibitors, this association deserves to be further investigated through clinical practice evidence studies.